Transvenous curative embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations using extra-low viscosity <sub>iht</sub> Obtura versions: Initial experience and technical insights
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background and purpose This study presents our initial experience using iht Obtura, a novel nonadhesive liquid embolic agent with extra-low viscosity variants, in transvenous curative embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs). We assess the agent's performance and compare its advantages with other extra-low viscosity options currently available. Materials and methods Five patients (three females, two males; mean age, 33 years; range, 20–55 years) with ruptured bAVMs were treated using the transvenous retrograde pressure cooker technique (TVRPCT). Three patients underwent staged embolization for large bAVMs, with the final session performed using TVRPCT, while two patients with smaller bAVMs were treated in a single session. Results Complete obliteration was achieved in 100% of patients. The mean volume of iht Obtura used per transvenous session was 7.9 mL (range, 2–14 mL) ± 4.8. A combination of iht Obtura 15 and iht Obtura 12 was used in three cases, while iht Obtura 15 alone was used in two cases. Complete angiographic occlusion was sustained at six and 24 months follow-up. Clinical outcomes improved in three patients and remained unchanged in two (mRS = 0). Conclusions The TVRPCT with extra-low viscosity iht Obtura appears to be as safe and effective as other extra-low viscosity nonadhesive liquid embolic agents for curative treatment of bAVMs. The penetration, diffusion, and distribution of iht Obtura through the transvenous route were optimal, with no observed vascular rupture or extravasation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".