Cognitive Function and Subjective Well-Being in Japanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: The relationship between mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and subjective well-being remains poorly understood. We examined associations between cognitive function and well-being domains in community-dwelling older Japanese adults with and without MCI. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 710 community-dwelling Japanese adults aged 65–75 years was carried out. Well-being was measured using the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale (PGCMS score ≥ 13 indicates high well-being), comprising agitation, attitude toward aging, and lonely dissatisfaction subscales. MCI was defined as a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score of 18–25. Multivariable logistic regression examined potential associations between socio-demographic and health factors. Results: Among the participants (mean age 70.0 ± 2.5 years, 49% women), 423 (59.6%) had MCI. The MCI status was not associated with overall well-being (OR 1.06, 95% CI: 0.72–1.57, p = 0.77). However, within the MCI group, each 1-point increase in the MoCA score was associated with lower agitation (OR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.04–1.41) but higher lonely dissatisfaction (OR 0.83, 95% CI: 0.70–0.98, p = 0.02). No associations were observed in the non-MCI group. Conclusions: Cognitive function shows domain-specific rather than global associations with well-being in individuals with MCI.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".