Health shocks and household allocation of time and spending
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract How do household spending and time use respond to health shocks? Secular increases in the incidence of dual earning couples, the aging of the workforce and higher life expectancy make this question particularly relevant for economists and policymakers. We use Australian data from the Household Income and Labour Dynamics Survey to study this question. Using an event study design, we show that the labor supply of those that experience a health shock decreases from their baseline for more than a year. Home production increases for the spouse of the ill person in two dimensions: increased time spent caring for household members and increased time spent on household chores. We also find that households spend more money on household and medical items and less on holidays and alcohol in response to the health shock. Although household income only moderately decreases, the inability to cut total spending results in a higher proportion of individuals reporting financial stress. We discuss our findings in relation to the provision of social insurance in advanced economies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".