Cortical alterations in patients with mild cognitive impairment who converted to Alzheimer disease compared to non-converters and correlations of these alterations with mild behavioral impairment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction There is a growing evidence that a presence of mild behavioral impairment (MBI) in geriatric patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) increases the risk of Alzheimer disease. However, neurobiological patterns underling such additional risk remains unclear. Objectives We aimed to investigate structural cortical patterns in MCI patients that differentiate converters from non-converters to Alzheimer disease (AD) and to explore correlations of such patterns with mild behavioral impairment. Methods Thirty five right-handed geriatric patients with amnestic type of MCI (aMCI) were followed up during the period of 11.3±6.9 months and divided into converters to AD (n=11, mean age 74.6±7.5, 10 females) and non-converters (n=24, mean age 72.6±8.1, 18 females). Patients and matched healthy controls (n=17, mean age 72.3±7.2 years, 14 females) underwent structural 3T MRI at baseline. MRI images were processed via FreeSurfer 6.0 to quantify gray matter thickness for 68 cortical areas according to Desikan atlas. Cognitive status was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale, and the severity of mild behavioral impairment was assessed using the MBI-C (Mild Behavioral Impairment Checklist) at baseline. Results Cortical thickness in the left inferior parietal lobe (IPL) and left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) were decreased in converters compared to both non-converters (IPL: F(1,30)=12.8, p=0.0012, Cohen’s d=−1.30; MTG: F(1,30)=12.8, p=0.0012; Cohen’s d=−1.30) and healthy controls (IPL: F(1,24)=11.4, p=0.0025, Cohen’s d=−1.33; MTG: F(1,24)=8.3, p=0.008; Cohen’s d=−1.15) (Image 1A,B). Converters also showed larger baseline MBI-C scores compared to non-converters (13.8±12.0 vs 7.8±6.6; GML t=2.1, p=0.045) and no difference in baseline MoCA (21.8±4.0 vs 23.2±2.8; GML t=−1.4, p=0.19). Baseline MBI-C scores in the whole aMCI group correlated negatively with cortical thickness both in the left IPL (R=−0.53, p=0.0011) and left MTG (R=−0.48, p=0.004) (Image 1C). No correlations between MoCA scores and cortical thickness were observed. Image 1. A: Clusters of decreased cortical thickness according to atlas of Desikan et al. (2006) in converters compared to non-converters and healthy controls. B: Box-plots of cortical thickness in the left inferior parietal lobe and left middle temporal gyrus. C: Scatter plots of MBI-C scores and gray matter thickness in the left inferior parietal lobe and left middle temporal gyrus in the whole aMCI group (n = 35). Image 1: Conclusions The findings suggest that the decreased baseline cortical thickness in the left inferior parietal lobe and middle temporal gyrus with associated greater severity of mild behavioral impairment could be potential marker of increased risk of conversion to AD in aMCI patients. The study was supported by RSF grant 24-15-00220 Disclosure of Interest None Declared
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".