Effect Of Tai Chi Combined With Music Therapy On Cognitive Function In Elderly Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: As the global elderly population grows, cognitive decline, especially Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), is increasingly prevalent. MCI, often a precursor to dementia, highlights a critical window for early, non-pharmacological interventions. This study investigates the combined effects of Tai Chi and music therapy on cognitive function in elderly individuals with MCI. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial enrolled 66 elderly participants with MCI, who were randomly assigned to one of three groups: Control Group (CG), Tai Chi Group (TCG), or Tai Chi Combined with Music Therapy Group (TCMG), with 22 participants in each. Cognitive function was assessed over a 16-week intervention period using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the Stroop Color and Word Test. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were no significant differences between groups. Both the TCG and TCMG groups showed significant cognitive improvements after the 16-week intervention. Furthermore, the TCG group exhibited significant gains in MoCA scores (z = 2.81, p = 0.005), attention accuracy (z = 2.17, p = 0.031), and delayed recall (z = 3.01, p = 0.003). Meanwhile, the TCMG group demonstrated more extensive improvements with substantial gains in MoCA (z = 4.50, p < 0.001), MMSE (z = 3.29, p = 0.001), attention accuracy (z = 2.24, p = 0.025), visuospatial and executive functions (z = 3.20, p = 0.001), naming (z = 2.45, p = 0.014), abstraction (z = 2.33, p = 0.020), and delayed recall (z = 2.74, p = 0.006). By contrast, the CG exhibited declines in language repetition (z = -2.03, p = 0.042) and delayed recall (z = -2.17, p = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS: Sixteen weeks of Tai Chi combined with music therapy significantly improved cognitive function in elderly individuals with MCI, especially in memory, attention, and executive functions. These findings highlight the potential of a combined intervention approach in cognitive health programs for older adults.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".