Phenylglyoxal-induced Ana o 3 Modification Reduces Antibody Binding with Minimal Alteration in Protein Structure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The nutritional benefits of nut consumption are complicated by the presence of allergens. Food processing techniques can modify the food protein properties by altering their biophysical characteristics and allergen activity. This study examines the phenylglyoxal-based chemical modification of the cashew nut allergen Ana o 3. Immunoassays with multiple antibodies demonstrate reduced recognition of phenylglyoxal-modified Ana o 3. Mass spectrometry identified multiple Ana o 3 modification sites, including arginine 41, 54, 85, and 111. Circular dichroism, biochemical assays, and molecular simulation indicate that the modifications resulted in minimal protein structure alteration. The research presented here provides insight into Ana o 3 surface chemistry and structure, and it could be applied in the design of alternative forms of immunotherapy to treat cashew nuts and other food allergies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".