Collapse! Factors that Affected the Growth and Abandonment of Settlements in Haliburton County
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study explores the question of why some settlements in frontier environments persevere to the present, while others become “ghost towns,” and how the forces affecting these changes can be reflected in the region’s material culture such as built form. To help answer this question, the authour examines a relevant case study from Haliburton County in Ontario, on the Canadian Shield. The first colonial settlements in Haliburton County began as farming villages in the 1860s. Some of these hamlets exist today, but others were abandoned after the first few decades. The author examines the material culture of the region, including such built form as colonization roads, railways and highways, the organisation of which helped to predetermine the rise and/or fall of settlements. The examination of the region’s built form through the lens of Central Place Theory helps us to identify how particular populated centres came to merit higher standings in the regional hierarchy of settlements than others did, by offering access to coveted services in the economic, transportation and communication sectors. The authour suggests that the locations of initial settlements along colonization roads situated some as ideal sites in which to build railway stations when railways were built through the area in the 1890s. Possessing railway stations, in turn, positioned some settlements as central places through which paved roads were built when that mode of infrastructure became dominant by the 1930s. The progression of these forces led some settlements in Haliburton to prosper, and others to wither and become abandoned. Taken together, a heightened perception of the dynamics of how transportation and communication infrastructure and built form impacts local social environments can help us to better plan the ways in which regions are developed today.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".