Concurrent and convergent construct validities of the 5-item World Health Organization Ageism Experiences Scale in older French Canadians
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Few instruments have a multi-faceted scope designed to capture several aspects of ageism across diverse contexts, known psychometrics qualities, and are available in multiple languages. The World Health Organization developed the Ageism Scale (WHO-ageism), a 5-item multi-faceted instrument, but its psychometrics qualities and French version are lacking. This study aimed to document the French translation of the WHO-ageism, verify its factor structure and internal consistency, and examine its concurrent construct validity with the Everyday Ageism Scale (EAS) and its convergent validity with social participation and life satisfaction, among older adults living in conventional dwellings (CD) and independent living facilities (ILF). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The WHO-ageism was translated according to the Translation, Review, Adjudication, Pretest, and Documentation approach. A cross-sectional survey was carried out with French-speaking adults aged 75+ years (n = 979). The concurrent and convergent construct validities of the WHO-ageism were examined with correlations with the EAS, social participation, and life satisfaction scales. RESULTS: Translation was finalized without disagreements. Respondents averaged 82.2 years (SD = 5.4), with two-thirds women. The 5-item version presented a single-factor structure and a minimally acceptable internal consistency. WHO-ageism presented satisfactory convergent validity with the EAS (r = .40; p < .001), among women and men (r = .29 and .43; p < .001), and in CD and ILF (r = .43 and .28; p < .001). It correlated weakly with social participation (r = -.09; p < .01) and life satisfaction (r = -.28; p < .001). DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: These results demonstrate the WHO-ageism's single-factor structure, internal consistency, and construct validity, supporting its use in large population surveys to inform strategies addressing ageism.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".