Amine free direct air capture integrated with buildings’ cooling systems in humid environments
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Direct air capture, among the negative emission technologies, is well positioned to reach climate goals. However, adsorption-based direct air capture system faces significant challenges in humid environments due to water-CO 2 co-adsorption, which substantially increases thermal regeneration energy requirements and negatively impacts overall efficiency. To overcome this problem, this study presents novel direct air capture systems integrated with air handling units incorporating a silica gel wheel to dehumidify air before the adsorption process. Dehumidification of air by integrated silica gel wheel enhances the performance of physisorbents and chemisorbents such as NbOFFIVE, Zeolite-13X, SBA-15 functionalized with tetraethylenepentamine, SBA-15 functionalized with L-PEI, and Lewatit by reducing moisture, thereby improving CO 2 capture efficiency in humid environments. After capture, saturated part of silica gel wheel meet the moisture-free airstream and regenerate the water without heating and raising the stream humidity approaching the desired indoor humidity levels. The findings presented are supported by both experimental work and mathematical models. This integration significantly reduces thermal regeneration energy requirements by 82 % for NbOFFIVE and 39 % for SBA-15 with tetraethylenepentamine compared to non - silica gel wheel configurations. Moreover, compared to operating direct air capture and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems separately, in which their combined thermal energy is 304.73 kWh/day, the integrated system consumes only 128.52 kWh/day of thermal energy, cutting total thermal energy use by 57.8 %. Even against heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system alone (149.08 kWh/day), it achieves a thermal energy saving of 13.8 %.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".