Communication Strategies in Second Language Acquisition: A Review of Learner, Cultural, and Technological Influences and Their Implications for L2 Pedagogy and Interdisciplinary Research
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This review synthesizes findings from 54 peer-reviewed studies published between 1972 and 2024, examining communication strategies in second language acquisition (SLA) with a focus on learner-related, cultural, and technological influences. Learner factors such as language proficiency, affective states, and personality traits shape strategy selection and effectiveness, while cultural background and first language influence adaptation in intercultural contexts. Novel technologies including artificial intelligence, mobile-assisted language learning, and immersive environments introduce new challenges and opportunities in strategy deployment. Key findings highlight the need for proficiency-sensitive task design, affective support, culturally responsive instruction, and critical digital literacy training. The review identifies underexplored areas such as younger learners, multilingual populations, non-oral communication modalities, and real-time strategy use, calling for interdisciplinary research that integrates linguistics, psychology, sociology, and cognitive science to advance L2 pedagogy in a rapidly evolving digital era.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".