An In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of the Genotoxic Potential of Maizinol (UP165), a <scp> <i>Zea mays</i> </scp> Leaf Extract
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Benzoxazinoids are secondary metabolites produced in monocotyledons and some dicotyledons from the Acanthaceae, Ranunculaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Plantaginaceae, and Lamiaceae families. Benzoxazinoids are commonly consumed in bread and cereal products that have been ingested for decades, which supports the safe use of benzoxazinoids as food ingredients. Powdered corn leaf extract (UP165), trade name Maizinol, containing 0.2%-0.3% w/w benzoxazinoid 6-methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone (6-MBOA), was the subject of genetic toxicity studies conducted according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Test Guidelines (TG). The toxicity tests evaluated the safety of corn leaf extract (as Maizinol containing 0.2%-0.3% 6-MBOA) using a bacterial reverse mutation assay (OECD Test Guideline 471) at doses of 313, 625, 1250, 2500, or 5000 μg/plate; in vitro mammalian chromosomal aberration test (OECD TG 473) at concentrations of 9.77, 19.5, 39.1, or 78.1 μg/mL; and in vivo mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test (OECD TG 474) at a dose of 750, 1500, or 3000 mg/kg body weight/day. Results demonstrate that Maizinol (UP165), at maximum test concentrations of 5000 μg/plate in the bacterial mutagenicity study, 78.1 μg/mL in the mammalian chromosomal aberration test, and a dose of 3000 mg/kg body weight in the rat micronucleus test, did not elicit genotoxic or mutagenic effects under the reported test conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".