Self-Reported Experiences of Interpersonal Violence Among High-Performance Athletes in Brazil
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Studies conducted in various countries have demonstrated that childhood interpersonal violence (IV), encompassing psychological, physical, sexual violence, and neglect, is a widespread issue in high-performance sports. However, research in this area has largely focused on countries in the Global North, and no prevalence studies have been conducted within Brazilian sport. This study examined the prevalence of childhood IV among high-performance athletes in Brazil, explored gender differences, and identified associated risk factors. A total of 857 high-performance Brazilian athletes completed the survey about their experiences in sport before the age of 18. The sample included 563 women, 290 men, and 4 individuals who either did not disclose their gender or identified as non-binary, fluid, or queer. The findings indicate that childhood IV is a widespread issue, with 93% of athletes reporting having experienced at least one form of IV. Psychological violence and neglect were most common (91%), followed by sexual violence at 63% and physical violence at 55%. The study also showed that having a professional sports contract after the age of 18 and practicing a team sport were associated risk factors for physical violence. Moreover, athletes with a professional contract were more likely to experience psychological violence in the context of their sport. Finally, practicing a para-sport was associated with a lower risk of reporting psychological violence. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted safeguarding measures and evidence-informed policies to prevent childhood IV in Brazilian sport.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".