Randomized blind study of the antispasmodic effect of scopolamine and dipyrone on the gastrointestinal tract of healthy cattle
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Scopolamine is a well-known drug that is commonly used in cattle in combination with dipyrone as a spasmolytic. However, the duration and intensity of the effect of the intramuscular administration of this combination in cattle on gastrointestinal motility have not been evaluated. The present study investigated the intensity and duration of the antispasmodic efficacy of a single combined dose of 0.2 mg/kg scopolamine and 25 mg/kg dipyrone administered intramuscularly in healthy cattle via reticular ultrasonography. Eighteen clinically healthy mixed-breed cattle (9 males and 9 females) were divided into two groups: (1) Control, which received only dipyrone, and (2) Treatment, which received scopolamine and dipyrone. Each animal's reticular motility was evaluated via ultrasound before medication and then observed at 10 time points over a 90 min period after administration. Statistical analysis revealed significantly lower reticular motility in the treatment group from 20 to 60 min after administration, with the peak effect occurring 30 min after administration. No side effects or adverse reactions were observed. The treatment group demonstrated significantly lower overall reticular motility than the control group. It is concluded that scopolamine and dipyrone, under these conditions, effectively decrease short-term gastrointestinal motility in cattle.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".