Effects of copper treatment on the redox state and secondary metabolism of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi roots
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Copper treatment can lead to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, alter the cellular redox state in plants, and trigger plant adaptive mechanisms such as changes in gene expression and shifts in secondary metabolism. We investigated the effects of copper treatment on the redox state of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, characterized by glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels. We also determined the concentrations of baicalin and baicalein, and analyzed the correlation between the redox state and these metabolites. Moreover, we analyzed the activity of glutathione reductase (GR, EC 1.6.4.2) and the expression levels of GR, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL, EC 4.3.1.5) and isochorismate synthase (ICS, EC 5.4.4.2) genes. Results indicated that copper treatment increased GSH concentration at 24 and 48 h, and the ratio of GSH:GSSG, and upregulated GR expression. While the baicalin concentration showed a non-significant increase at 24 h and 72 h, baicalein exhibited a significant decrease at 48 h and 72 h. The two key genes in the salicylic acid pathway, PAL and ICS, exhibited opposite trends at 24 and 48 h after copper treatment, followed by significant decreases in both PAL and ICS at 72 h. Our results suggest that plants can mitigate the toxic effects of copper through increasing GSH biosynthesis. Baicalin and baicalein showed varying accumulation patterns in S. baicalensis subjected to different copper treatments.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".