Conformation and Dynamics of Monomeric, Phase-Separated, and Cross-Linked Resilin Biomaterials
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Resilin is an elastomeric protein found in insects that provides flexibility and locomotive function in numerous biological contexts. Recombinant resilin and resilin-derived proteins share resilin's capacity for liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and formation of materials with high elasticity and biocompatibility, making it a promising candidate for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. While prior research has focused on domain 1 of resilin, the role of domain 3 (D3) in resilin self-assembly and material properties is not well understood. Here, we used nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance, and small-angle X-ray scattering to study the conformation, dynamics, and intermolecular interactions of D3 as a monomer, in the phase-separated state, and as a cross-linked gel. We show that D3 remains unusually dynamic and is primarily disordered in all three states. In elucidating the mechanism of D3 LLPS, we find a complex set of electrostatic and π-based interactions complemented by the hydrophobic effect that finely tune the solution sensitivity of D3 and its capacity for LLPS. Overall, these results highlight the complex mechanisms governing resilin LLPS with implications for utilizing resilin-derived sequence features in the rational design of self-assembling biomaterials.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".