A Heterogeneous Data-Driven Multi-Sensor Collaborative Small Target Detection Method for Road Safety in Bad Weather
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Autonomous driving (AD) systems requires multisensor collaboration to address challenges caused by complex weather scenarios. The recognition accuracy of autonomous driving system based on single resource, either on image only or Lidar only, becomes unreliable due to untested weather conditions, occlusions objects, and other factors. This paper proposes a decision-level fusion network based on an improved YOLOV7 and an improved CenterPoint network to build a multi-sensor-collaboration scheme. The overall accuracy of the proposed fusion algorithm is improved for small targets by adding multi-scale and multi-stage attention channel modules into the backbones of image recognition network and point cloud recognition network respectively. Moreover, the fusion algorithm introduces mixed distance constraints as the loss function for overlapping targets. The proposed fusion algorithm has been successfully tested on the public ONCE dataset mixed with a self-built dataset under various road conditions such as sunny, night, and rainy weather. The mAP of proposed decision-level fusion algorithm achieves <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{8 3. 5 \%}$</tex> in sunny daytime, <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{8 0 \%}$</tex> during nighttime and 79.1 % during rain time.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it