Multifunctional Mussel‐Inspired Hydrogels and Films Formed via Catechol‐VO <sub>2</sub> Nanoparticle Coordination
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Marine mussels utilize DOPA‐V metal coordination bonds as dynamic cross‐links to fabricate tough and self‐healing coatings and glues. Inspired by mussels, researchers have harnessed DOPA‐metal coordination to create dynamic and mechanically responsive polymeric materials. Here, we harness the robust DOPA‐V interactions observed in mussels combined with the temperature‐responsive properties of vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ) to develop a room‐temperature process to produce thermochromic VO 2 hydrogels and films. 4‐arm polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers functionalized with DOPA‐catechol moieties were mixed with VO 2 nanoparticles in solution. Raising pH led to formation of hydrogels, while spin coating enabled processing into thin films. Hydrogels possessed mechanically tunable viscoelasticity and self‐healing response. Furthermore, dried free‐standing films were highly flexible and exhibited plastic deformation with extensibilities of 200% and beyond, while still retaining the thermochromic properties of the nanoparticles. The facile fabrication method and the resulting versatile mechanical response combined with thermochromic properties are promising for future development VO 2 ‐polymer composite materials.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".