Employment Status of Canadian University Students’ Association with Ability to Meet the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines indicate thresholds for individuals to engage in specific amounts of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA), resistance training, sedentary time, screen time, and sleep time for overall health benefits. In university students, working a job may be required to offset the cost of attending university or as experience to help with career development. This may be a risk factor for students’ ability to meet activity guidelines. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that having a job impeded students’ ability to adhere to 24-hour movement guidelines. Methods: A nationwide sample of Canadian university students (n = 559, 420 females, 25.3±7.1 years, 343 undergraduates, 367 employed) completed an online survey. Results: Logistic regression models demonstrated that employment status was a negative predictor of adherence to MVPA guidelines (310 met MVPA guidelines, β=-0.41, p=0.04). In a covariate-adjusted model, students who reported having a job were 1.6 times less likely to meet MVPA guidelines (odds ratio = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.45-0.98, p=0.04). However, employment status was not an independent predictor of adherence to resistance training, sedentary time, screen time, or sleep time guidelines (all, p>0.29). Working a job may prevent students from engaging in regular aerobic exercise but is not associated with the frequency of resistance training or time spent sedentary, on screens, or sleeping. Conclusions: These findings underscore that lack of time due to competing demands as a student, including having a job, is a key barrier to MVPA. Health promoting strategies to integrate MVPA into a working student’s busy schedule must be explored.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".