<i>In silico</i> Neutron Relative Biological Effectiveness Estimations For Pre-DNA Repair And Post-DNA Repair Endpoints
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A comprehensive understanding of the energy-dependent stochastic risks associated with neutron exposure is crucial to develop robust radioprotection systems. However, the scarcity of experimental data presents significant challenges in this domain. Track-structure Monte Carlo simulations with DNA models have demonstrated their potential to further our fundamental understanding of neutron-induced stochastic risks. To date, most track-structure Monte Carlo studies on the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of neutrons have focused on various types of DNA damage clusters defined using base pair distances. In this study, we extend these methodologies by incorporating the simulation of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA repair in order to evaluate the RBE of neutrons for misrepairs. To achieve this, we adapted our previously published Monte Carlo DNA damage simulation pipeline, which combines condensed-history and track-structure Monte Carlo methods, to support the standard DNA damage (SDD) data format. This adaptation enabled seamless integration of neutron-induced DNA damage results with the DNA Mechanistic Repair Simulator (DaMaRiS) toolkit. Additionally, we developed a clustering algorithm that reproduces pre-repair endpoints studied in prior works, as well as novel damage clusters based on Euclidean distances. The neutron RBE for misrepairs obtained in this study exhibits a qualitatively similar shape as the RBE obtained for previously reported pre-repair endpoints. However, it peaks higher, reaching a maximum RBE value of 23(1) at a neutron energy of 0.5 MeV. Furthermore, double-strand break (DSB) pairs with a separation distance of 11 nm better matched the RBE for misrepairs than did the DSB clusters defined with base pair distances that were used in previous in silico neutron RBE studies. These results suggest that there are some features to the spatial distribution of neutron-induced DNA damage that are best characterized either by explicit repair mechanism simulations or by cluster analysis based on Euclidean distances.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".