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Record W4414998737 · doi:10.26750/art039.a1900

Ozone Problems and Its Solutions

2025· article· en· W4414998737 on OpenAlexaboutno aff

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Raparin University · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicOptical properties and cooling technologies in crystalline materials
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsOzoneOzone layerOzone depletionMontreal ProtocolOxygenGreenhouse gasGlobal warmingTropospheric ozone

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Ozone is a natural occurring molecule up of three elements of oxygen known as O3. The ozone layer is one of the layers of the gaseous mantle below the stratosphere, where oxygen fragments decompose and the ozone layer is formed. With the depletion of the ozone layer, ultraviolet radiation is expected to rise to the earth, which will have a negative impact on human, with the spread of skin and eye diseases, it affects the environment by climate change, increased desertification, loss of agricultural land, genetic changes in plants and reduced land productivity. In this study, the study method was used because the subject matter is reading. The purpose of this study is to identify all the problems facing the ozone layer, from thinning and increasing UV rays on Earth, and to present solution that prevent the depletion of the Ozone layer (O3), such as reducing and using alternatives to all substances Ozone as (chorine, fluorine and carbon) and too many cars, above all spreading environmental awareness. The results of this study tell us that the cause of the ozone layer depletion is humanity itself, which is the disposal of industrial waste and environmental pesticides, which has led to climate change, environmental degradation and the spread of disease, increased aridity and increased floods, decreased habitat. Currently, this threat has become a global problem, however, countries around the world have realized the dangers, so they have started appropriate measures to reduce the risks caused by ozone depletion.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.781
Threshold uncertainty score0.150

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.020
GPT teacher head0.212
Teacher spread0.192 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designTheoretical or conceptual
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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