<b>Infrastructure-Integrated Photovoltaic-Thermal (IIPV/T) Systems for Anti-Icing Applications in Highway Bridges: A Sustainable Approach </b>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper investigates the potential of a novel, infrastructure-integrated photovoltaic/thermal (IIPV/T) system for winter road maintenance, using the Samuel De Champlain Bridge in Montreal as a case study. Vertically mounted bifacial PVT panels are integrated into the bridge’s side barriers, serving a dual role as wind protection structures and clean energy generators. The captured solar energy is used in real time and stored seasonally to power a hydronic heating system (HHP) for anti-icing the bridge deck.The system is modeled using NREL’s System Advisor Model (SAM) with Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) data for Montreal. Simulations estimate that approximately 45% of winter heat demand can be met directly from IIPV/T generation, while 20% is supplied via seasonal thermal storage, and the remaining 35% is surplus. A comparative energy analysis between the Champlain Bridge and an existing Swedish system is presented. Economic analysis indicates a payback period of 2.1–2.5 years, with additional benefits from grid-connected surplus electricity.This study demonstrates the technical and economic feasibility of using IIPV/T systems for sustainable anti-icing of large-scale infrastructure. Limitations such as structural load effects and detailed pipe heat losses are noted and recommended for future work.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".