Sensitivity to change of the COVID-19 anxiety syndrome scale among Canadian dentists
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The COVID-19 Anxiety Syndrome Scale (C-19ASS) is valid and reliable instrument to measure COVID-19 related anxiety in Canadian dentists. There is a need to further validate the C-19ASS by evaluating its sensitivity to change over time. To estimate the sensitivity to change over time of the C-19ASS in a sample of Canadian dentists. To estimate the effect of age, sex, practice type and vaccination on the anxiety levels of dentists in Canada. Longitudinal data were used from a prospective cohort study conducted to estimate the incidence of COVID-19 among dentists practising in Canada. Mixed effects ordinal logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between total C-19ASS scores and follow-up time in the study and COVID-19 case counts in the province of practice of the participants during the 14 days prior to completing the C-19ASS questionnaire. Mixed effects models were utilized to identify the factors associated with COVID-19 related anxiety. The odds of being in a more severe category of anxiety were reduced by 26% (OR 0.74, 95% C.I. 0.72–0.76) with every 30-day increase in the follow-up time. The odds of being in a more severe category of anxiety increased by 20% (Odds Ratio = 1.20, 95% C.I. = 1.12–1.27) with each 10,000 COVID-19 case increase in the dentists’ work province during the 14 days prior to data collection. Age, sex and practice type were significantly associated with COVID-19 related anxiety in dentists. The C-19ASS is sensitive to change over time and with external anxiety stimuli. COVID-19 related anxiety among dentists was associated with age, sex and practice type. Not applicable. • The COVID-19 Anxiety Syndrome Scale (C-19ASS) is sensitive to change over time in a sample of dentists practising during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. • Given the longitudinal validity of the C-19ASS, further documentation of changes in COVID-19 related anxiety ratings among dentists practising in Canada can be done by the concerned authorities. • Younger dentists experienced higher levels of COVID-19 related anxiety. • Female dentists and specialists reported higher levels of COVID-19 related anxiety.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".