← Back to cohort
Search for <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> </mml:math> -hadron decays to long-lived particles in the CMS endcap muon detectors
Aram Hayrapetyan, Vladimir Makarenko, A. Tumasyan, W. Adam, Janik Walter Andrejkovic, L. Benato, T. Bergauer, M. Dragicevic, Cristina Giordano, Priya Sajid Hussain, M. Jeitler, Natascha Krammer, A. Li, Dietrich Liko, Mark Matthewman, Ivan Mikulec, J. Schieck, R. Schöfbeck, Dennis Schwarz, Maryam Shooshtari, M. Sonawane, W. Waltenberger, Claudia-Elisabeth Wulz, X. Janssen, Hyejin Kwon, Daniel Ocampo Henao, T. Van Laer, Pierre van Mechelen, Jas Bierkens, Nordin Breugelmans, Jorgen d'Hondt, Soumya Dansana, A. De Moor, M. Delcourt, Felix Heyen, Yanwen Hong, Pavlo Kashko, S. Lowette, I. Makarenko, Denise Müller, Juhee Song, Stefaan Tavernier, M. Tytgat, G. P. Van Onsem, S. Van Putte, D. Vannerom, Bugra Bilin, Barbara Clerbaux, Aloke Kumar Das, I. De Bruyn, G. De Lentdecker, Hugues Evard, Laurent Favart, P. Gianneios, Mohammad A. Khalilzadeh, Fakhri Alam Khan, A. Malara, Muhammad Aamir Shahzad, Laurent Thomas, M. Vanden Bemden, Catherine Vander Velde, P. Vanlaer, Fengwangdong Zhang, M. De Coen, D. Dobur, G. Gökbulut, J. Knolle, Luka Lambrecht, David Marckx, K. Skovpen, N. Van Den Bossche, Jan van der Linden, Jules Vandenbroeck, Liam Wezenbeek, S. Bein, A. Benecke, A. Bethani, Giacomo Bruno, A. Cappati, J. De Favereau De Jeneret, C. Delaere, A. Giammanco, Ahmet Oguz Guzel, Vincent Lemaître, J. Lidrych, Paul Malek, Paola Mastrapasqua, Semra Turkcapar, M. Barroso Ferreira Filho, E. Coelho, C. Hensel, T. Menezes De Oliveira, C. Mora Herrera, P. Rebello Teles, E. J. Tonelli Manganote, A. Vilela Pereira, Walter Luiz Aldá Júnior, H. Brandao Malbouisson, W. Carvalho, Jose Chinellato, Matheus Costa Reis, E. M. Da Costa, G. G. Da Silveira, D. De Jesus Damião, S. Fonseca De Souza, Raphael Gomes de Souza, Silas Jesus, Tulio Laux Kuhn, Matheus Macedo, K. Mota Amarilo, L. Mundim, H. Nogima, Joao Pedro Pinheiro, A. Santoro, A. Sznajder, M. Thiel, F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo, C. A. Bernardes, T. R. Fernandez Perez Tomei, Eduardo De Moraes Gregores, Bruno Lopes da Costa, Isabela Maietto Silvério, P. G. Mercadante, S. F. Novaes, Breno Orzari, Sandra S. Padula, Valerie Scheurer, А. Александров, G. Antchev, Petar Danev, R. Hadjiiska, P. Iaydjiev, M. Misheva, M. Shopova, G. Sultanov, A. Dimitrov, L. Litov, Borislav Pavlov, P. Petkov, Anton Petrov, S. Keshri, David Nicolas Laroze Navarrete, Shalini Thakur, William Brooks, Tongguang Cheng, Tahir Javaid, L. Wang, Li Yuan, Zhen Hu, Zhengchen Liang, Jinfeng Liu, Xining Wang, Guo-Ming Chen, He-Sheng Chen, Mingshui Chen, Ye Chen, Qingfeng Hou, Xiaonan Hou, F. Iemmi, Chun-Hua Jiang, Anshul Kapoor, Hongbo Liao, G. Liu, Zhenan Liu, Jia-Ning Song, Shaowei Song, J. Tao, Chu Wang, Q. Guo, Q. Li, Yajun Mao, Si-Jin Qian, Jin Wang, Gerry Bauer, Hui Wang, Jingqing Zhang, Zhen Lin, Meng Xiao, М. Фингер, A. Zabi, M. Erdmann, A. Meyer, Y. An, И. А. Андреев, Q. Wang, Anureet Kaur, Harjot Kaur, M. Kaur, Arun Kumar, Suchandra Dutta, S. Verma, Samarendra Nayak, S. Varghese, S. Sharma, M. Maggi, S. My, Felice Nenna, Simone Rossi Tisbeni, Ugo Gasparini, C. Riccardi, Roberto Tenchini, Ada Solano, Taiwoo Kim, Hakseong Lee, Junghyun Lee, S. W. Lee, S. Sekmen, S. Ha, Seyoung Han, Kyong Sei Lee, Soohwan Lee, Yongsun Kim, Jin Choi, Junho Kim, Taehee Kim, Yeonjoon Kim, Young Wan Kim, Haneol Lee, Joonbin Lee, J. Lee, Sung Bin Oh, Jihoon Shin, Seulgi Kim, J. S. H. Lee, Yunjae Lee, Sungwon Kim, I. Yu, Taha Beyrouthy, C. Fernandez Bedoya, D. Fernández Del Val, S. Goy López, Dinyar Rabady, Efstathios Paganis, Xing-fu Su, N. Srimanobhas, C. Asawatangtrakuldee, A. Buchot Perraguin, R. Yi, G. De Castro, Ka Wa Ho, G. Landsberg, A. Nunez Del Prado, J. William Gary, V. Krutelyov, Haoyang Li, Farouk Mokhtar, Jeffrey Richman, V. Dutta, E. Barberis, M. Lu, Ryan Mccarthy, An Gu, M. Jones, O. Miguel Colin, M. Ayaz Ahmad, He He, A. Hervé
Bibliographic record
VenuePhysical review. D/Physical review. D. · 2025
Typepreprint
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicParticle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Canadian institutionsInstitute of Particle Physics
FundersNextGenerationEUInstitut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des ParticulesAgencia Estatal de InvestigaciónCentro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y TecnológicasCentro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico NacionalUniversité Catholique de LouvainFonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’AgricultureFundação para a Ciência e a TecnologiaDeutsches Elektronen-SynchrotronEuropean Research CouncilFundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesScience and Technology Facilities CouncilHorizon 2020 Framework ProgrammeQatar National Research FundUniversity of Colorado BoulderWigner Fizikai Kutatóközpont, Magyar Tudományos AkadémiaLaboratorio Nacional de Supercómputo del Sureste de MexicoCentro Svizzero di Calcolo ScientificoInstituto de Física de CantabriaNational Science and Technology Major ProjectMinistry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, ThailandNemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs HivatalRoyal Holloway, University of LondonKavli FoundationMinistry of Science,Technology and ResearchCalifornia Institute of TechnologyU.S. Department of EnergyPakistan Atomic Energy CommissionAcademy of FinlandLietuvos Mokslų AkademijaBrunel University LondonUniversity of GlasgowChulalongkorn UniversityRWTH Aachen UniversityUniversity of IoanninaUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMinistarstvo Znanosti, Obrazovanja i SportaCommissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies AlternativesFermilabA.G. Leventis FoundationBenemérita Universidad Autónoma de PueblaInstitute for Research in Fundamental SciencesAlexander von Humboldt-StiftungMinistry of Business, Innovation and EmploymentMinistry of Education and ScienceUniversidad Autónoma de San Luis PotosíShota Rustaveli National Science FoundationMinistry of Science and Technology, TaiwanInstituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareMinistarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog RazvojaUniversiti MalayaFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do SulOrta Doğu Teknik ÜniversitesiMagyar Tudományos AkadémiaJoint Institute for Nuclear ResearchGeneral Secretariat for Research and TechnologyBulgarian National Science FundH2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie ActionsMinistry of Science, ICT and Future PlanningMinisterio de Ciencia e InnovaciónQuaid-i-Azam UniversityConsejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaFonds Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekNational Academy of Sciences of UkraineUniversity of BristolOpetus- ja KulttuuriministeriöMinisterstwo Edukacji i NaukiInstitute of High Energy PhysicsNarodowe Centrum NaukiUniversity of California, San DiegoConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoFonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRSAustrian Science FundDeutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftChinese Academy of SciencesCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueKementerian Pendidikan MalaysiaUniversidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroKyungpook National UniversityNational Science CouncilLatvijas Zinātnes PadomeMinistry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of ChinaIzglītības un zinātnes ministrijaMinisterio de Economía y CompetitividadBundesministerium für Bildung und ForschungHellenic Foundation for Research and InnovationMinisterstvo Školství, Mládeže a TělovýchovyKarlsruhe Institute of TechnologyCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorEuropean CommissionBeijing Municipal Science and Technology CommissionFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São PauloAgentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en TechnologieHelsinki Institute of PhysicsTata Institute of Fundamental ResearchDepartment of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, IndiaWelch FoundationMinisterio de Ciencia, Tecnología e InnovaciónImperial College LondonHelmholtz-GemeinschaftNational Energy Research Scientific Computing CenterSan Diego Supercomputer CenterKeemilise ja Bioloogilise Füüsika InstituutBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungSecretaría de Educación PúblicaTürkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma KurumuRutherford Appleton LaboratoryMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyUniversity of FloridaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNvidiaAlfred P. Sloan FoundationBaylor UniversityNational Science and Technology Development AgencyNational Research Foundation of KoreaFundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de JaneiroMinistry of Science and ICT, South KoreaUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnNational Science FoundationPurdue UniversityCERNMinistry of Education, IndiaVanderbilt UniversityUniversity of OxfordSecretaría de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e InnovaciónKorea Institute of Science and Technology InformationEuropean Regional Development FundEuropean Cooperation in Science and TechnologyWeston Havens FoundationQueen Mary University of LondonScience Foundation IrelandTürkiye Enerji, Nükleer ve Maden Araştırma KurumuDepartment of Atomic Energy, Government of India
KeywordsMuonLarge Hadron ColliderHadronBranching fractionLuminosityDetectorRange (aeronautics)Cluster (spacecraft)
Abstract
A search for long-lived particles originating from the decay of b hadrons produced in proton-proton collisions with a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the LHC is presented. The analysis is performed on a dataset recorded in 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 41.6 fb − 1 . Interactions of the long-lived particles in the CMS endcap muon system would create hadronic or electromagnetic showers, producing clusters of detector hits. Selected events contain at least one such high-multiplicity cluster in the muon endcaps and require the presence of a displaced muon. The most stringent upper limits to date on the branching fraction B ( B → K Φ ) , where the long-lived particle Φ decays to a pair of hadrons, are obtained for Φ masses of 0.3–3.0 GeV and Φ mean proper decay lengths in the range of 1–500 cm.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.020
Threshold uncertainty score0.067
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.020 | 0.029 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.028
GPT teacher head0.374
Teacher spread0.347 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes