Intraductal Carcinoma Predicts Poor Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy in High-risk Prostate Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis of a Prospective Trial
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Intraductal carcinoma (IDC) detected in prostate biopsy is a strong predictor of a poor pathological response to neoadjuvant therapy in high-risk prostate cancer patients, with 91.4% of IDC-positive patients not achieving a favorable response. Patients with IDC in their biopsy had significantly higher rates of adverse pathology at radical prostatectomy (77.1%) compared with those without IDC (22.9%), highlighting its role in treatment resistance. Unlike IDC, the presence of cribriform carcinoma on biopsy was not associated with a poor pathological response, suggesting that IDC represents a distinct high-risk feature. High-risk localized prostate cancer (PCa) patients may require neoadjuvant treatment (androgen deprivation therapy [ADT] plus abiraterone with or without taxane-based chemotherapy) before radical prostatectomy (RP). Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC) is an aggressive histological variant of prostate adenocarcinoma. This study aims to evaluate the association of IDC on biopsy with pathological response in such PCa patients. A retrospective analysis was conducted using the prospective trial data from 75 patients with high-risk localized/locally advanced PCa treated with 24 wk of neoadjuvant therapy comprising ADT and abiraterone, with or without taxane-based chemotherapy, followed by RP. Pathological responses, including pathological complete response (pCR), minimal residual disease (MRD), and adverse pathology outcomes (ypN1 or ≥ypT3b), were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression identified the predictors of poor pathological response. Among 75 patients, 35 (47%) had IDC on biopsy. Patients with IDC had worse pathological outcomes: 32 of 35 (91%) failed to achieve a favorable response (pCR or MRD) compared with 26 of 40 (65%) in those without IDC. IDC was also associated with higher rates of adverse pathology at RP, occurring in 27 of 35 patients (77%) versus nine of 40 patients (22%) without IDC. IDC independently predicted poor response (odds ratio 6.18, 95% confidence interval 1.16–32.8; p = 0.032) after adjusting for tumor volume, Gleason grade, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). In contrast, cribriform (Crib) pattern at biopsy did not impact response significantly. Metastatic progression and survival data were unavailable. IDC, but not Crib, on biopsy predicts poor pathological response to neoadjuvant therapy (ADT plus abiraterone with or without taxane-based chemotherapy) in high-risk PCa after adjusting for tumor volume and PSA. An understanding of this treatment-resistant phenotype will improve PCa biology insights and guide novel therapeutic strategies. Intraductal carcinoma (IDC) is a more aggressive form of prostate cancer that does not respond well to treatment. In our study, we found that 91% of patients who had IDC detected in their biopsy before surgery did not show a good response to presurgery therapy.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it