Association of Intrauterine Growth with Retinopathy of Prematurity Risk in Very Preterm Infants: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The impact of intrauterine growth status as measured by BW percentiles on retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) pathogenesis remains inadequately characterized. The objectives of the study were to establish BW percentile-specific risk gradients for ROP development. METHODS: A multicenter cohort study was conducted with data were collected from Chinese Neonatal Network between January, 2019 and December, 2021. The exposure was GA- and sex-specific BW percentile. The primary outcome was incidence of ROP. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated, adjusted for potential confounders, and stratified by GA, infant sex, maternal hypertension, singleton/multiple birth. RESULTS: Totally 17,882 preterm infants were enrolled, BW was 1,300.0 (1,100.0-1,500.0) g and GA was 29.9 (28.6-31.0) weeks. The incidence was 27% for any stage ROP and 3.7% for severe ROP (stage 3 or above). Each decrease of BW percentile by 10% was associated with 15% increase of odds for either any stage ROP (aOR 0.85 [95% CI: 0.83-0.86]) or severe ROP (aOR 0.85 [95% CI: 0.82-0.89]). The optimal discriminative BW percentile on receiver operating characteristic curve was 26% for predicting any stage ROP and 19% for predicting severe ROP. Lower BW percentile under these cut-offs were associated with elevated odds of any stage ROP (aOR 2.20 [95% CI: 1.97-2.47] and severe ROP (aOR 2.91 [95% CI: 2.22-3.80]). CONCLUSIONS: ROP incidence was negatively associated with BW percentile. Each 10% decreased BW percentile was associated with 15% increased odds of any stage ROP and severe ROP.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".