Water-based ultrasonic pretreatment enhances moso bamboo dimensional stability and mildew resistance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Bamboo is naturally susceptible to mould and dimensional instability under humid conditions, which limits its durability in practical applications. This study aimed to determine whether water-based ultrasonic pretreatment could improve moso bamboo’s ( Phyllostachys edulis ) dimensional stability and mildew resistance by altering microstructure and physicochemical properties. Results showed that ultrasonic pretreatment increased the mass loss rate by 0.2–0.8 %. It reduced the hot-water extractive content by 6–7 %, and decreased absolute-dry density by 0.02–0.06 g/cm 3 . The treatment caused pit membrane rupture and parenchyma wall thinning (the distribution range narrowed to approximately 5.5–12.5 μm at 20–60 min), and removing amorphous components enhanced cellulose crystallinity by about 8.4 % and slightly reduced microfibril angle by 1.8 % (both at 10 min). These microstructural and physicochemical changes led to improved dimensional stability with about 0.2 % reduction in radial swelling, despite slightly higher moisture uptake. More importantly, mould resistance improved significantly. Mould infection decreased by about 20 % for A. niger (to around 45 % at 30 min) and about 83 % for P. citrinum (to about 10 % at 60 min). The findings demonstrate good potential for ultrasonic pretreatment as a green, non-chemical method to enhance moso bamboo’s dimensional stability and mildew resistance. Ultrasonic pretreatment could also be combined with other modification strategies to achieve superior performance in demanding service environments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".