Assessing prosthetic functionality and satisfaction in Malaysian lower limb amputees: A cross-sectional study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Understanding the physical capabilities, satisfaction levels, and challenges faced by prosthetic users is crucial for improving the quality of life and well-being of this population and informing the development of more effective prosthetic interventions. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the physical abilities, satisfaction levels, and personal experiences of lower limb amputees in Malaysia and identify key determinants associated with these factors with a specific focus on their utilization of prosthetics. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. METHODS: This study recruited 70 people (34 transfemoral, 36 transtibial). Participants completed a comprehensive survey encompassing demographic information, amputation characteristics, details of prosthetic usage, physical capabilities, satisfaction levels, and reported challenges. All data were collected and analyzed using the SPSS software, with descriptive analysis and inferential statistics tests performed. RESULTS: On average, participants wore prostheses for over 10 h every day. However, limitations were noted in performing certain physical activities, such as sports and stair climbing. Satisfaction levels varied across different aspects, with the highest satisfaction reported for walking on flat and uneven surfaces, while walking on stairs yielded lower satisfaction. Commonly reported issues included perspiration-related problems, skin irritation, and piston-related difficulties. The study found that self-reported comorbidities were significant influencers and correlated with the physical capabilities, satisfaction, and experiences of prosthetic users, whereas the level of amputation exhibited a lesser impact. CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals Malaysian lower limb amputees' prosthetic satisfaction and experiences. Key factors during design, fitting, and rehabilitation must be considered for improvement. Targeted interventions and further research are needed to address specific concerns in the Malaysian population.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".