Frontal, temporal, cerebellar changes link to sepsis survivors' cognitive issues: A resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a life-threatening condition defined by organ dysfunction, triggered by a dysregulated host response to infection. there is limited published literature combining cognitive impairment with topological property alterations in brain networks in sepsis survivors. Therefore, we employed graph theory and Granger causality analysis (GCA) methods to analyze resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data, aiming to explore the topological alterations in the brain networks of intensive care unit (ICU) sepsis survivors. Using correlation analysis, the interplay between topological property alterations and cognitive impairment was also investigated. AIM To explore the topological alterations of the brain networks of sepsis survivors and their correlation with cognitive impairment. METHODS Sixteen sepsis survivors and nineteen healthy controls from the community were recruited. Within one month after discharge, neurocognitive tests were administered to assess cognitive performance. Rs-fMRI was acquired and the topological properties of brain networks were measured based on graph theory approaches. GCA was conducted to quantify effective connectivity (EC) between brain regions showing positive topological alterations and other regions in the brain. The correlations between topological properties and cognitive were analyzed. RESULTS Sepsis survivors exhibited significant cognitive impairment. At the global level, sepsis survivors showed lower normalized clustering coefficient (γ) and small-worldness (σ) than healthy controls. At the local level, degree centrality (DC) and nodal efficiency (NE) decreased in the right orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus (ORBinf.R), NE decreased in the left temporal pole of superior temporal gyrus (TPOsup.L) whereas DC and NE increased in the right cerebellum Crus 2 (CRBLCrus2.R). Regarding directional connection alterations, EC from left cerebellum 6 (CRBL6.L) to ORBinf.R and EC from TPOsup.L to right cerebellum 1 (CRBLCrus1.R) decreased, whereas EC from right lingual gyrus (LING.R) to TPOsup.L increased. The implementation of correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between DC in CRBLCrus2.R and both Mini-mental state examination (r = -0.572, P = 0.041) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scores (r = -0.629, P = 0.021) at the local level. In the CRBLCrus2.R cohort, a negative correlation was identified between NE and MoCA scores, with a statistically significant result of r = -0.633 and P = 0.020. CONCLUSION Frontal, temporal and cerebellar topological property alterations are possibly associated with cognitive impairment of ICU sepsis survivors and may serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".