New records and range extensions of bumble bees (<i>Bombus</i> spp.)in a previously undersampled region of North America's boreal forest
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Northern Ontario, Canada, is one of the few places in North America with little to no data on the local/resident bumble bee fauna. This region is rich in mineral resources and is at risk of being developed for resource extraction before its fauna are catalogued. We report on 220 individuals from 1111 species of bumble bees (Bombus spp.) collected as part of large scale biodiversity surveys of northern Ontario and Akimiski Island, Nunavut from 2009-2015. Bees were collected using several methods, including Malaise traps, pan traps, pitfalls, Nzi traps, and sweep netting. We report a first record of B. ternarius Say from Nunavut, new records for B. melanopygus Nylander, and B. sylvicola Kirby in Ontario, and new range extensions or gap infills for B. borealis Kirby, B. flavidus Eversmann, B. flavifrons Cresson, B. frigidus Smith, B. terricola Kirby, B. vagans Smith, and confirm the presence of B. polaris Curtis and B. sandersoni Franklin in this region. We discuss how development and resource extraction may affect B. terricola habitat.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".