Exploring Chemically Modified Short Activating RNAs to Increase Stability against Nucleases and Enhance Gene Activation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Short activating RNAs (saRNAs) are short duplex RNAs that activate genes in the nucleus of the cell. This induces gene activation, or RNA activation (RNAa), which upregulates gene expression. This activation is in direct contrast to short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which downregulate gene expression through the activation of Argonaute 2 within the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). siRNA chemical modifications such as 2'-O-Me, 2'-F, locked nucleic acids (LNA), unlocked nucleic acids (UNA), and backbone modifications such as phosphorothioate (PS) have been well documented and studied. In this study, a library of chemically modified saRNAs was synthesized and evaluated for their ability to activate gene expression. We have identified that a thermally destabilizing abasic carbon-based linker within the central region of the sense strand, in conjunction with an affinity-enhancing nucleoside, LNA, on the antisense strand, offers optimal duplex melting temperature, nuclease stability, and enhanced gene activation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".