Tuning the Air Stability of N‐Type Semiconductors via Poly(2‐vinylpyridine): The Importance of Humidity and Molecular Weight
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The environmental instability of n-type semiconducting polymers remains a limitation for organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs), as oxygen diffusion and oxidation reduces device performance. Herein, a simple stabilization strategy using poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP), a synthetically accessible, hygroscopic, insulating polymer, is shown. Building on earlier work showing short-term stabilization with this insulating additive, the molecular weight of P2VP is systematically varied and it is demonstrated that higher molecular weight chains form larger domains that reduce oxygen access to the crystalline regions of the benchmark n-type polymer P(NDI2OD-T2). Structural characterization reveals that P2VP domains absorb atmospheric moisture, which both decreases the free volume available for oxygen penetration and partitions oxygen away from semiconductor crystallites. As such, devices containing P2VP exhibit enhanced stability over seven days and can be regenerated by mild heating, whereas neat P(NDI2OD-T2) devices remain degraded. These findings provide mechanistic insight into how insulating polymer blends mediate oxygen-water interactions and highlight polymer blending as a scalable strategy for improving the operational stability of n-type OTFTs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".