Fluid-silicate melt Cl partition and its implications on magmatic fluid exsolution and hydrothermal ore genesis
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
• Chlorine partition coefficients between felsic silicate melts and coexisting fluid. • Increasing alumina saturation index of melt and HCl content of fluid suppresses portioning of Cl into fluid. Chlorine partition coefficients between felsic silicate melts and coexisting fluid. • Exsolved fluids from felsic magmas in the upper crust are predominantly low salinity fluid. • Optimal conditions for copper extraction occur in magmas enriched in Cl and H 2 O. Partition coefficients for Cl between felsic melts and a supercritical aqueous fluid (∼4–16 wt% NaCleq.) were experimentally determined to better constrain Cl behavior during magmatic fluid exsolution in upper-crustal magma chambers. Experiments were conducted at 850 °C, 200 MPa, and oxygen fugacity near NNO + 0.5, using a range of melt and fluid compositions. At constant total chlorinity of 1 mol/kg H 2 O, Dfluid/melt Cl values range from 11.3 to 21.1, negatively correlated with both the melt’s aluminum saturation index (ASI) and the HCl/total Cl ratio in the fluid. For a fixed melt composition (ASI = 1.02), Dfluid/melt Cl values increase linearly from 18.7 to 60.1 as total chlorinity rises from 1 to 4 mol/kg H 2 O. Rayleigh fractionation modeling of fluid exsolution from upper-crustal magmas using these data indicates that during progressive crystallization, chlorinity of exsolved fluids rapidly decline before stabilizing at ∼1 mol/kg H 2 O (∼4 wt% NaCleq.), regardless of initial fluid chlorinity or H 2 O content in melt. This implies that the majority of exsolution fluids released from felsic magmas in the upper crust are of low salinity (∼1 mol/kg H 2 O). Copper transfer modeling further suggests that efficient metal extraction occurs in Cl- and H 2 O-rich magmas, particularly where early H 2 O saturation is achieved, thus favoring the formation of high-grade porphyry copper deposits.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it