Retinal glia regulate development of the circadian photoentrainment circuit
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Circadian photoentrainment depends on intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), which convey environmental light information to the hypothalamus. While the anatomy and function of mature ipRGCs are well characterized, the mechanisms guiding their developmental integration into the circadian circuit remain unclear. Here, using transsynaptic rabies tracing in mice, we show that Müller glia are primary upstream partners of developing hypothalamus-projecting ipRGCs, suggesting a role for glia-neuron communication in the assembly of the photoentrainment pathway. We further show that disrupting SNARE function specifically in Müller glia during early postnatal development impairs ATP release, induces ipRGC hyper-responsiveness to light, and results in defective photoentrainment. In contrast, visual acuity and the pupillary light reflex, which are mediated by different RGC/ipRGC subtypes, remain unaffected. These results indicate a critical and circuit-specific role for Müller glia in shaping the development and function of the retinal pathway underlying circadian photoentrainment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".