The Influence of Aerobic Exercise Therapy on Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Following Concussion: A Scoping Review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The purpose of this scoping review was to identify the effects of exercise therapy on patient-reported outcome measure(s) (PROM(s)) after concussion, and to highlight the current knowledge gaps in the literature. Methods: A search of EMBASE, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, BIOSIS, and Cochrane Libraries was performed on 1 December 2023 (from database inception) and updated on 19 June 2025 to review the available literature. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews was used to report the scoping review. An online review management system was used to remove duplicates and perform article screening. Results: Following the removal of duplicates, 5434 articles were identified for screening. After applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 27 articles remained for data extraction. The available literature has found that applying structured aerobic exercise following concussion can improve patient-reported symptom severity compared with control groups. Conclusions: There is currently a paucity of research reporting on the impact of aerobic exercise therapy following concussion on PROMs aside from patient-reported symptom severity. Additional PROMs recommended as common data elements should be included in future studies investigating the effects of aerobic exercise therapy following concussion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".