Bioconjugates of Toluidine Blue Derivatives with Human Serum Albumin and Their Complexes with Cucurbit[7]uril as Drug Delivery Vehicles for Photodynamic Therapy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising cancer treatment. The present work used two toluidine blue O (TBO) derivatives covalently conjugated to human serum albumin (HSA) as a drug delivery system and bound to cucurbit[7]-uril (CB[7]) as a protective nanocapsule in order to study their effect of cellular uptake and phototoxicity in HeLa cells. This study explored covalent and noncovalent interactions with the delivery systems, including HSA-PS@CB[7] complexes, to optimize PDT efficacy. Supramolecular complexes between TBO derivatives and CB-[7] exhibited high binding affinities, significantly improving the photophysical properties of the photosensitizers. In vitro studies in cancer cells demonstrated that HSA covalently bound to TBO derivatives led to significant increases in cellular uptake and was strongly influenced by the type of conjugation (disulfide bond versus thia-Michael adduct). The results suggest that combining the properties of HSA as a carrier and CB[7] as a protective nanocapsule could be exploited for improved PDT applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".