Effects of delayed post-polymerization on physical, chemical, and biological properties of a 3D printing interim resin
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the effects of delayed post-polymerization on color, degree of conversion (DC), flexural strength (FS), and cellular response of a 3D-printed dental interim resin. METHODS: Specimens were divided into six groups based on delays of 0 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, and 10 h before post-polymerization. Color was characterized using a spectrophotometer (n = 10), DC (n = 10) with FTIR-ATR, and FS (n = 10) with a universal testing machine. Cellular response (n = 30) was assessed through cell viability and pro-inflammatory gene expression of the gingival fibroblast cell line (L929) and human monocytic cell line (THP-1). RESULTS: Delayed post-polymerization significantly affected color (L* and b*; both P < 0.001,) and color difference (P = 0.016). L* values at 6 h, 8 h, and 10 h significantly decreased compared to 0 h (P < 0.001), while b* values showed a significant decrease in all groups. (P < 0.001). No significant difference was found in a* (P = 0.417) or translucency (P = 0.394). DC significantly decreased at 8 h and 10 h (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in FS. Cytotoxicity and pro-inflammatory gene expression (IL-6 and TNF-α) were not significantly affected by time delays. SIGNIFICANCE: Within the limitations of this study, a delay of up to 6 h before post-polymerization did not compromise FS, FM, cell viability, or pro-inflammatory gene expression. However, notable changes in DC and color suggest that the appearance and polymerization characteristics may be adversely affected, while mechanical and biological properties remained stable.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".