A 16‐Year‐Old with a <scp> <i>Mycoplasma hominis</i> </scp> Empyema Post‐Lung Transplantation: A Case Report
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This is the first reported case of empyema due to Mycoplasma hominis in a pediatric transplant recipient. METHODS: A 16-year-old Indigenous Canadian boy developed acute respiratory distress 29 days post-bilateral lung transplantation for chronic lung disease and pulmonary hypertension secondary to extreme prematurity and an atrial septal defect. Pre-transplant donor bronchial cultures grew Candida albicans and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, so he received 14 days of cefazolin. Post-transplant prophylaxis included azithromycin, voriconazole, micafungin, TMP-SMX, and valacyclovir. Immunosuppression included anti-thymocyte globulin induction, followed by tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisone. The patient developed a large right pleural effusion over the course of 24 h requiring intensive care and high-flow supplemental oxygen. Pleural thoracentesis revealed a neutrophil-predominant exudative empyema. Routine cultures were negative; M. hominis was detected by PCR and specialized media. The patient completed 28 days of clindamycin and doxycycline and made an uneventful recovery. RESULTS: M. hominis and Ureaplasma species are donor-derived pathogens that can cause significant morbidity, including sternal wound infection, mediastinitis, pericarditis, and empyema. Post-lung transplant M. hominis infections occur in 2%-5% of cases. Diagnostic challenges, low clinical suspicion, and rising resistance contribute to poor outcomes and inappropriate antibiotic use. Although this patient's ammonia level was normal, hyperammonemia syndrome also remains a rare but serious complication of Ureaplasma urealyticum and M. hominis infections. CONCLUSION: Early screening, PCR testing, and prompt combination empiric therapy are crucial for improving outcomes in M. hominis infections.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".