Population genetic structure reveals asymmetric hybridization between Pinus pumila and P. parviflora var. Pentaphylla in the Hakkoda Mountains, Northern Japan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Interspecific hybridization can facilitate rapid adaptation to novel environments despite potential fitness reductions. The genomic regions of Pinus parviflora var. pentaphylla inhabiting higher temperatures could increase the fitness of the recipient alpine species Pinus pumila, which has adapted to lower temperatures, particularly under global warming. Using exome-capture techniques to overcome challenges of large Pinus genomes, we investigate the genome-wide hybridization patterns between these species in the Hakkoda Mountains, Japan. Hybrids predominantly occurred at mid-elevation and contained P. pumila chloroplasts, suggesting P. pumila is the most recent pollen parent. Genome-wide introgression patterns suggested frequent backcrossing with P. pumila and limited backcrossing with P. parviflora var. pentaphylla, likely owing to geographic isolation, phenological differences in flowering time, and natural selection favoring hybrids in specific environmental contexts. Specifically, tall hybrids may be advantageous in light competition at mid-elevations covered with moorland vegetation, whereas shorter pure P. pumila individuals may be favored in high-altitude wind-exposed fellfields. Hybrids with shorter heights may be disadvantaged in deciduous broad-leaved forests at lower altitudes compared to taller pure P. parviflora var. pentaphylla. Our findings provide insights for future functional analyses of introgressed genes to elucidate the adaptive significance of such hybridization patterns along elevational and environmental gradients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".