Paracentral acute middle maculopathy as a heralding presentation of ocular ischemic syndrome in the setting of total internal carotid artery occlusion
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: To describe a unique case of paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) that heralded the presentation of ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS). METHODS: Medical records of a patient with PAMM and OIS were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: A 72-year-old male presented with foggy vision in the right eye (OD). Macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed PAMM OD. Regression of the hyper-reflective lesions preceded a significant decline in visual acuity from 20/25 to 20/600 OD. The right eye was diagnosed with OIS, showing ischemia and diffuse venular leakage on fluorescein angiography. Carotid Doppler and CT angiography revealed total occlusion of the right ICA. Medical management ensued. No neurovascular or cardiovascular events occurred in the 2-year follow-up. Final visual acuity was hand motions OD. CONCLUSIONS: We describe a patient with total right ICA occlusion that presented with PAMM followed by OIS. Diagnostic imaging and ischemic/embolic work-up are essential for patients with PAMM and OIS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".