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Record W4415721452 · doi:10.5376/tgmb.2025.15.0023

Metabolomic and Genomic Analysis of Theobromine Biosynthesis in <i>Theobroma cacao</i>

2025· article· W4415721452 on OpenAlex
X. T. Feng, Shaomin Yang

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueTree Genetics and Molecular Breeding · 2025
Typearticle
Language
FieldAgricultural and Biological Sciences
TopicCocoa and Sweet Potato Agronomy
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsTheobromineMetabolomicsTheobromaPurinePurine metabolismFunctional genomicsBiosynthesisFermentation

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This study combined metabolomics and genomics data to analyze the biosynthesis of theobromine in Theobroma cacao . The results show that theobromine is mainly synthesized in the young peels and cotyledons, and gradually accumulates in the seeds as the tissues mature. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed that the synthesis of theobromine is related to the transformation of purine nucleotides such as AMP and GMP, with key intermediates including 7-methylxanthosine and 3-methylxanthine. Genomic research has found that during the domestication process, genes related to theobromine metabolism were significantly selected, thereby affecting the theobromine content in different varieties. Multi-omics data also indicate that post-processing steps such as fermentation can lead to a decrease in theobromine levels. This study aims to provide molecular targets and theoretical references for improving cocoa quality and developing functional components.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.912
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.002
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.009
GPT teacher head0.213
Teacher spread0.203 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it