Characteristics and Outcomes of Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy in a Large Cohort of Patients With Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: To examine the long-term visual and morphologic outcomes in a large series of patients with pachychoroid neovasculopathy treated with intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections. Methods: A retrospective, observational study of anti-VEGF injections was performed in 249 eyes of 237 patients with pachychoroid neovasculopathy at 1 retina center over 7 years. Results: Mean patient age was 65.5 years and mean follow-up was 1.91 years (range, 3 months to 7.14 years). At baseline, mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/60 Snellen, with an improvement of 2.30 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) letters by the study endpoint ( P = .04). From baseline to endpoint, mean central subfield thickness decreased by 78.2 μm, and mean choroidal thickness decreased by 35.4 μm (each P < .05). Treat-and-extend was utilized in 192 eyes (77.9%), with a 42.3% recurrence rate on extension. Treatment cessation was trialed in 70 eyes (28.1%), of which 53 eyes required no further treatment. Adjunct photodynamic therapy was utilized in 34 eyes (13.7%), resulting in a mean vision improvement of 0.44 ETDRS letters, compared with a mean improvement of 2.30 ETDRS letters in patients who received anti-VEGF only ( P = .6). Conclusions: Anti-VEGF therapy improved BCVA and anatomic features in this large cohort of patients with pachychoroid neovasculopathy. Continued treatment was required in 196 eyes (78.7%) at the study endpoint.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".