Isolation of Clostridioides difficile from the feces of equids and ruminants in a teaching veterinary hospital
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Clostridioides difficile is an important enteropathogen in humans and multiple animal species. This study determined the fecal occurrence of C. difficile in hospitalized or healthy equids and ruminants at a veterinary teaching hospital. A total of 84 fecal samples from ruminants and equids and ten environmental swabs were collected. The samples were cultured under anaerobic conditions to isolate C. difficile. DNA was extracted from C. difficile colonies and subjected to multiplex PCR to identify toxin-coding genes. The isolates were ribotyped, with the toxigenic isolates and one selected non-toxigenic isolate submitted for whole-genome sequencing. C. difficile was isolated from 10/84 (12%) of the fecal samples, of which one bovine isolate was toxigenic (A+B+ CDT -), classified as RT 046/ST35/clade 1, and carried five antimicrobial resistance genes (ermB, tetA, tetB, tetM, and inuP). Although, the occurrence of toxigenic strains was low, the study identified isolates kept in the hospital environment, highlighting the need for preventive measures, especially due to the presence of numerous animals undergoing antimicrobial therapy.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it