EVOLVING DISEASE SPECTRUM AND CHARACTERISTICS OF PEOPLE WITH HIV IN EASTERN CHINA: A 12-YEAR STUDY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a serious public health problem. Opportunistic infections, and malignancies are the more frequent cause of hospitalization. We investigated hospitalized people with HIV (PWH) over the past 12 years, to determine the type and changing trends of the disease presentation in a large reference academic centre in Eastern China. Methods We evaluated a total of 2,140 hospitalized PWH from January 2010 to December 2021. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data, opportunistic infections, malignancies and in-hospital outcomes were collected and analyzed. Results Over time, the incidence of opportunistic infections has declined. Conversely, the incidence of malignancies has increased, and non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs) have occurred more frequently than ADCs. In 2020-2021, the incidence of NADCs became higher than that of opportunistic infections. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 8.1%. and the in-hospital mortality gradually decreased over time. Opportunistic infections, malignancies, and CD4+T cell count were independent predictors for in-hospital mortality. Conclusion Our study provided a comprehensive description of the disease characteristics of PWH in eastern China over the past 12 years. The disease spectrum of PWH has undergone tremendous changes over time, highlighting the necessity of early HIV diagnosis and providing greater access to optimal treatment and management strategies. Keywords: HIV; Early Diagnosis; Changing treatments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".