Spectrophotometric Detection of Free Mercury(II) Ions in Thimerosal and Aqueous Media Using8-Hydroxyquinoline Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A spectrophotometric method for determination of free Hg(II) ions in solutions of thimerosal and drinking water using AuNPs functionalized with 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ) is presented. The characterization of synthesized AuNPs was realized by UV/Vis spectra, SP-ICP-MS and TEM, with mean size of 21.2 ± 0.4 nm. The synthesized AuNPs were stable for about 65 days when protected from light and stored in polypropylene bottles under refrigeration at 4.0 ºC. Optimal conditions for colorimetric detection of Hg(II) were investigated, with the analytical wavelength being defined at 650 nm and ideal pH of the samples 7.0 ± 0.5. Over the concentration range 10 to 20 µmol L-1 detection of Hg(II) with the naked eye is possible due to the rapid color change of the medium from red to blue. However, for lower concentration ranges, between 0.5 to 5.0 µmol L-1, addition of 20 µL of 2.5 mol L-1 NaCl induces aggregation of nanoparticles, enhancing the detection limit to 0.1 µmol L-1. The selectivity of this approach was demonstrated in the presence of other metal ions. This fit-for-purpose sensor was successfully applied to the determination of free Hg(II) ions in thimerosal, a common preservative for vaccines, and has been adopted for use by Tecpar`s laboratory of the Parana Institute of Technology (Curitiba, Brazil).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".