Elevated melting of hydrogen-disordered ice confined by MoS2 nanotubes: A molecular dynamics study of dual confinement geometries
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT While carbon-based nanomaterials have been extensively studied for water confinement, far less is known about the influence of molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) nanotubes on the phase behavior of ice. Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, this study unveils how MoS 2 nanotubes, owing to their unique semi-polar, hydrophilic surfaces, significantly affect the stability and melting of hexagonal ice under nanoconfinement. We investigate two distinct confinement modes: (1) within the nanotubes and (2) in the interstitial space between them for both hydrogen-ordered and defect-introduced ice structures. A striking ∼30 K upward shift in melting temperature is observed for defect-introduced ice confined between nanotubes. This effect is absent in comparable carbon nanostructures, highlighting the critical role of defect-introduced ice and surface interactions. Furthermore, we systematically assess the influence of nanotube diameter and heating rate, revealing that melting behavior is dominated more by molecular-level interactions than by geometrical confinement alone. These results demonstrate the novel potential of MoS 2 as a tunable platform for phase-change control, with broad implications for cryopreservation, energy storage, pharmaceuticals, and the design of nanostructured thermal materials.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it