Long-term safety and efficacy of ozanimod in relapsing multiple sclerosis: Final analysis of the DAYBREAK open-label extension trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Ozanimod, a selective, oral sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 and 5 modulator, is approved in multiple countries for adults with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (RMS). OBJECTIVE: To characterize the long-term safety and efficacy of ozanimod. METHODS: Participants were eligible for an open-label extension study of ozanimod 0.92 mg/d (DAYBREAK) if they completed a phase 1-3 RMS ozanimod 'parent' trial. DAYBREAK began 16 October 2015, and ended 5 January 2023. RESULTS: DAYBREAK included 2494 participants with a mean of 60.9 (range 0.03‒81.5) months of ozanimod exposure. During DAYBREAK, 2219 participants (89.0%) had treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), 381 (15.3%) had a serious TEAE and 98 (3.9%) discontinued treatment due to TEAEs. Serious infections (4.3%), herpes zoster infections (2.0%), confirmed macular oedema cases (0.2%), and cardiac TEAEs (4.1 %) were infrequent. Adjusted annualized relapse rate was 0.098 (95% confidence interval, 0.082‒0.117). In total, 69.1% of participants remained relapse-free and 84.8% were free from 6-month confirmed disability progression at DAYBREAK completion. Adjusted mean numbers of new/enlarging T2 lesions/scan and gadolinium-enhancing lesions were low and remained relatively stable. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term ozanimod treatment had a favourable safety and tolerability profile and provided sustained control of clinical and MRI disease activity in participants with RMS.Registries:ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02576717; EudraCT: 2015-002500-91.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".