From Scalpel to Syringe: Intralesional Interleukin-2-Based Therapy is Effective for Locally Advanced Periocular Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a common eyelid malignancy that is typically treated by surgical excision. Locally destructive periocular cSCC may not be amenable to surgery in cases where extensive resection would result in structural or functional compromise. METHODS: We report the first series of biopsy-confirmed periocular cSCC cases treated with intralesional interleukin-2 (IL-2)-based therapy. RESULTS: Treatment courses for five patients are summarized, with one representative case detailed here. A 74-year-old man presented with a large, painful, centrally pedunculated mass on the left upper eyelid, measuring 5.5 cm by 2.5 cm. Mass excisional biopsy and reconstruction revealed moderately differentiated invasive SCC involving deep and peripheral margins. Given the risks associated with further resection, the patient opted to pursue local immunotherapy. He received five doses of intralesional IL-2 every 2 weeks. The lesion was completely clinically cleared at 6 weeks, and there was no recurrence noted at 15-month follow-up. CONCLUSION: Local intralesional IL-2-based therapy may be a treatment option for periocular cSCC in cases that may result in significant functional or aesthetic compromise, or in those who have failed prior standard of care.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".