Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Mothers of Children Aged 0 to 24 Months on Breastfeeding in Health Centers in the Urban Community of Niamey
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Breastfeeding is the optimal food for infants, best suited to their nutritional needs. Despite its benefits, it remains an uncommon practice worldwide and in Niger in particular. The objective of this study was to examine mothers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding breastfeeding. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with descriptive and analytical aims. The study population consisted of mothers with a child aged 0 to 24 months, attending integrated health centers in the city of Niamey. The proportions were compared using Pearson’s Chi-square statistical test at the 5% significance level. Results: A total of 639 mothers were surveyed. 57.27% were under 25 years old, 29.58% were uneducated, and the majority were housewives (81.54%). Only 24.88% practiced exclusive breastfeeding, and advice from health professionals (92.17%) was the main source of motivation. Water was the main food associated with breastfeeding the infants younger than 6 months old (75.12%). The main factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding were the age, occupation, education of the mothers, and the time to first breastfeeding the child (P-value Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding was observed in only a quarter of mothers; improvement of applied practices could be incorporated in breastfeeding promotion strategies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".