Sustainable Performance: Work Outputs, Well-Being, and Performance Proxies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
With the growing interest in working from home (WFH) research, understanding productivity and performance has become increasingly important, particularly in terms of how these concepts can be applied across various work settings. This paper proposes the concept of sustainable performance, suggesting that sustained performance requires a consideration of both individual and organizational needs. We conducted interviews with 39 employees during the pandemic to gain insights into their perceptions of performance while WFH. We then surveyed 427 current hybrid workers to test an extensive list of performance factors. We propose a sustainable performance framework that supports previous theory and research claiming performance is more than work outputs and results. We provide a sustainable performance framework that reflects three dimensions—work outputs, well-being, and performance proxies. We found that performance proxies were associated with work output and well-being, which in turn were positively correlated with job satisfaction and commitment and negatively correlated with turnover intentions. Moreover, we highlight factors that may be more relevant for WFH, such as focus, self-regulation, and structure, as key components of performance. This exploratory study presents a new conceptualization of performance that goes beyond productivity, incorporating a long-term perspective through well-being, and accounting for changing work arrangements.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".