Brief topical application of TRPV3 channel agonist carvacrol mediates skin vasodilation via NOS, COX, and K+ channel pathways in young adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We investigated the influence of a brief, one-minute topical application of carvacrol, a transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 (TRPV3) channel activator, on cutaneous vasodilation and the mechanism(s) governing this response. In experiment 1 (n = 10), cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was measured for 90-min at four forearm sites treated with: 1) lactated Ringer’s serving as a control, 2) 20 mM L-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, 3) 10 mM ketorolac, a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, or 4) both inhibitors combined. In experiment 2 (n = 10), CVC was assessed at four forearm sites for 90-min treated with: 1) lactated Ringer’s, 2) 50 mM tetraethylammonium, a Ca 2+ -activated K + (KCa) channel blocker, 3) 10 mM 4-Aminopyridine, a voltage-gated K + (Kv) channel blocker, and 4) 50 mM BaCl 2 , a non-selective K + channel blocker. 10% carvacrol was topically applied for ∼1 min at all sites using a cotton swab, with inhibitors/blockers administered intradermally via microdialysis. At the control site, carvacrol elevated CVC to ∼40%max, a response that persisted throughout 90 min. This increase was attenuated by separate and combined inhibition of NOS and COX (≥50 min), as well as by KCa channel blockade (20-50 min) and non-selective K + channel blockade (from 20 min onward). Kv blockade augmented carvacrol-induced increases in CVC during early stage (10-20 min). We showed that a brief, one-minute topical activation of TRPV3 channels with 10% carvacrol induced a moderate and prolonged cutaneous vasodilation in young adults, mediated through NOS-, COX-, and K + -channel dependent pathways. • Carvacrol, a TRPV3 channel activator, mediated prolonged skin vasodilation. • This vasodilation was in part mediated by nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase. • Ca 2+ -activated and voltage-gated K + channels also contributed to this vasodilation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".